About Prototype Pollution
Prototype Pollution vulnerabilities occur when attackers can modify the prototype of base objects in JavaScript, leading to security issues like Remote Code Execution, Denial of Service, and data manipulation.
Common Prototype Pollution Attack Types
Basic Prototype Pollution: Simple prototype modification attacks
JSON-based Pollution: Using JSON.parse to pollute prototypes
Merge-based Pollution: Using object merge functions
Advanced Pollution: Complex techniques and bypasses
RCE Pollution: Prototype pollution leading to RCE
Common Vulnerable Functions
JSON.parse: Parsing untrusted JSON data
Object.assign: Object assignment operations
Object.merge: Object merge operations
Lodash.merge: Lodash merge functions
jQuery.extend: jQuery extend functions
Real-World Impact
Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Denial of Service (DoS)
Data manipulation and corruption
Authentication bypass
Compliance violations and security breaches
Cross-site attacks and data exfiltration